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Using Node Wallet

If Ethereum node has unlocked account in its wallet you can send transaction without need of signing locally in web3.js

Transaction​

// First step: initialize web3 instance
import Web3 from 'web3';
const web3 = new Web3(/* PROVIDER*/);

// Second step: add an account to the Ethereum node and unlock it
const account = {
    privateKey: '0xb45b02f408a0dd0996aab2b55a54f4ed7735f82b133c0786a9ff372ffaaf11bd',
    address: '0xe4beef667408b99053dc147ed19592ada0d77f59',
};

// if you use ganache backend, use a private key with 0x
await web3.eth.personal.importRawKey(account.privateKey);
// if you use geth backend, use a private key without 0x
await web3.eth.personal.importRawKey(account.privateKey.slice(2));

// unlock account
await web3Personal.unlockAccount(account.address, 'anyPassword', 100000000);
// Make sure the account has enough eth on balance to send the transaction

// Third step: sign and send the transaction
try {
    const receipt = await web3.eth.sendTransaction({
        from: account.address,
        to: '0xe4beef667408b99053dc147ed19592ada0d77f59',
        value: '0x1',
        gas: '300000',
        // other transaction's params
    });
} catch (error) {
    // catch transaction error
    console.error(error);
}

List of references:

Contract Transaction​

// First step: initialize web3 instance
import Web3 from 'web3';
const web3 = new Web3(/* PROVIDER*/);

// Second step: add an account to the Ethereum node and unlock it
const account = {
    privateKey: '0xb45b02f408a0dd0996aab2b55a54f4ed7735f82b133c0786a9ff372ffaaf11bd',
    address: '0xe4beef667408b99053dc147ed19592ada0d77f59',
};

// if you use ganache backend, use a private key with 0x
await web3.eth.personal.importRawKey(account.privateKey);
// if you use geth backend, use a private key without 0x
await web3.eth.personal.importRawKey(account.privateKey.slice(2));

// unlock account
await web3.eth.personal.unlockAccount(account.address, 'anyPassword', 100000000);
// Make sure the account has enough eth on balance to send the transaction

// Third step: sign and send the transaction
try {
    // deploy
    const contract = new web3.eth.Contract(ContractAbi);
    const contractDeployed = await contract
        .deploy({
            input: ContractBytecode,
            arguments: ['Constructor param1', 'Constructor param2'],
        })
        .send({
            from: account.address,
            gas: '1000000',
            // other transaction's params
        });

    // call method
    await contractDeployed.methods
        .transfer('0xe2597eb05cf9a87eb1309e86750c903ec38e527e', '0x1')
        .send({
            from: account.address,
            gas: '1000000',
            // other transaction's params
        });
} catch (error) {
    // catch transaction error
    console.error(error);
}

List of references: